Altered Flooding and Fire Regimes

  • Flood Control: Draining wetlands and altering water flow for agriculture and urban flood control disrupted the natural flooding patterns that maintained prairie ecosystems, degrading habitat quality for sparrows. 
  • Fire Suppression: Frequent, low-intensity fires historically kept dry prairies open and healthy. Modern fire suppression has allowed invasive shrubs and trees to overgrow, eliminating suitable nesting and foraging grounds.